Permanent US residents are those individuals who have been legally given the consent of residing and working permanently in the country. However, many people also get a USA green card on the basis of the fact that they have family residing in the United States, with one of the members who is a permanent resident petitioning the immigrant's citizenship claim.
The first step in the procedure to getting a USA green card for your family is to file a Family Immigration Petition, where the applicant needs to prove a qualifying relationship between him/herself and the petitioner (US permanent resident/citizen). The applicant can get a green card in two conditions; first, if the family member is residing in the US at the time of the petition being filed, in which case the applicant can have his/her status modified to a Permanent Resident, otherwise, if the member is not in the US at that time, he/she is eligible for Consular processing via a consulate or the US embassy in their native place.
If the family member is a US citizen or a permanent resident, the immigrant can get a USA green card in case he/she is an immediate relative, like a spouse or a child of the citizen. For this to take place, the citizen family member has to file a Form I-130, which is the petition for an alien relative.
The definition of an immediate relative and family member is as follows: If the applicant is a child (under 21 years of age and unmarried) or the spouse, or the parent (of a US citizen at least 21 years of age), they come in the category of immediate relatives. The applicant is referred to as a family member of the US citizen if he/she is an unmarried/married child or a brother/sister of the US citizen.
Another of getting family immigration is via Special Categories. The applicant can get a USA green card if he/she is a battered spouse/child of a US citizen, or has entered the USA with a K1/K3 visa, or is born to a foreign diplomat in the USA, or is a widow/widower of a US citizen. However, relevant proof is needed to back this up.
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